管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)清淤(yu)是將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)進(jin)(jin)行疏通，清理管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)里面(mian)的(de)淤(yu)泥，保持長(chang)期(qi)暢通，以防止城(cheng)市發生內澇。我們走在街(jie)道(dao)(dao)上都(dou)會看到各種(zhong)下水(shui)道(dao)(dao)井蓋，很多都(dou)是污水(shui)井蓋，下雨天供城(cheng)市街(jie)道(dao)(dao)排水(shui)用的(de)，但是一(yi)旦下水(shui)道(dao)(dao)堵塞就會造成(cheng)積水(shui)，所以管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)清淤(yu)是市政建設中很重要的(de)一(yi)個環節，那(nei)么(me)在進(jin)(jin)行管(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)清淤(yu)的(de)時候(hou)有哪些(xie)訣竅和方法(fa)呢？

高壓水射流清(qing)淤技術

高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流(liu)(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)現如(ru)今最(zui)廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)。該(gai)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)主要(yao)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流(liu)(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)車(che)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤，通(tong)過(guo)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)車(che)把(ba)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)中堵塞的(de)(de)(de)(de)淤泥沖刷到(dao)(dao)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(排污(wu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao))或雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)查井，再通(tong)過(guo)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤車(che)或清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤泵對淤泥進(jin)(jin)(jin)行清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)理。高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流(liu)(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)車(che)裝備有(you)大型水(shui)(shui)(shui)罐、機動(dong)卷(juan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)器、高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵、射(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)(pen)頭等(deng)。操作(zuo)時(shi)由(you)汽車(che)引擎驅動(dong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵，將(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)后送入射(she)(she)水(shui)(shui)(shui)噴(pen)(pen)咀，具(ju)有(you)高(gao)強度壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)過(guo)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)噴(pen)(pen)嘴的(de)(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)孔，再將(jiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為動(dong)能(neng)，從(cong)而形成(cheng)具(ju)有(you)高(gao)速沖擊力的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流(liu)(liu)，依(yi)靠高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流(liu)(liu)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)反作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)力，使管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)噴(pen)(pen)頭和高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)膠(jiao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)一起向相反的(de)(de)(de)(de)方向行進(jin)(jin)(jin)，同時(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)壁，噴(pen)(pen)頭噴(pen)(pen)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)(liu)可將(jiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)內壁殘(can)留(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)垢(gou)、沉積物等(deng)沖到(dao)(dao)下(xia)游檢(jian)查井，再由(you)吸(xi)泥車(che)將(jiang)其吸(xi)走。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流(liu)(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)具(ju)有(you)安全(quan)、工(gong)作(zuo)效率高(gao)、環保無(wu)污(wu)染(ran)、應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)范圍廣、節能(neng)等(deng)優點(dian)。 正因如(ru)此(ci)，高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流(liu)(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)近年(nian)來得到(dao)(dao)廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)水(shui)(shui)(shui)射(she)(she)流(liu)(liu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)淤技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)可適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于DN80~DN1500管(guan)(guan)(guan)徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)各類污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)、雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)和工(gong)業管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)。

絞車清淤技術

絞(jiao)車(che)清(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技術(shu)(shu)也稱作(zuo)機械清(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技術(shu)(shu)，這是(shi)常用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)清(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技術(shu)(shu)。這種(zhong)技術(shu)(shu)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)TT片穿(chuan)過需要(yao)清(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)管(guan)道(dao)段(duan)，TT 片兩(liang)端(duan)都系上(shang)(shang)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩，在清(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)管(guan)段(duan)的(de)(de)兩(liang)端(duan)檢查井(jing)上(shang)(shang)各設1臺絞(jiao)車(che)，兩(liang)根鋼(gang)絲(si)繩上(shang)(shang)另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)都系在絞(jiao)車(che)上(shang)(shang)，利用(yong)(yong)絞(jiao)車(che)來回往復絞(jiao)動(dong)鋼(gang)絲(si)繩，帶(dai)動(dong)TT片將淤(yu)(yu)泥刮到下游檢查井(jing)內(nei)，從而使(shi)(shi)管(guan)道(dao)得到的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)通(tong)(tong)。絞(jiao)車(che)的(de)(de)動(dong)力(li)(li)(li)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)是(shi)靠人(ren)力(li)(li)(li)手(shou)動(dong)，也可(ke)(ke)以(yi)是(shi)機動(dong)，這要(yao)根據實際情況而定(ding)。絞(jiao)車(che)清(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)技術(shu)(shu)適用(yong)(yong)于各種(zhong)直徑的(de)(de)下水管(guan)道(dao)，特別是(shi)對管(guan)道(dao)淤(yu)(yu)塞比(bi)較嚴重、淤(yu)(yu)泥己粘結密實，用(yong)(yong)水力(li)(li)(li)清(qing)(qing)通(tong)(tong)效果不(bu)(bu)好時，采取這種(zhong)方法效果很好。但這種(zhong)方法不(bu)(bu)足點是(shi)，從一(yi)(yi)個井(jing)口(kou)(kou)向(xiang)另一(yi)(yi)個井(jing)口(kou)(kou)送TT片需要(yao)人(ren)工(gong)下井(jing)完成，如(ru)井(jing)下工(gong)作(zuo)條件惡劣，工(gong)作(zuo)環境不(bu)(bu)佳時會(hui)給工(gong)人(ren)工(gong)作(zuo)帶(dai)來極大的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)便甚至可(ke)(ke)能(neng)引發事故，所以(yi)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)要(yao)倍(bei)加(jia)注意安全。至于清(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)工(gong)具(ju)，其種(zhong)類(lei)繁多(duo)，可(ke)(ke)根據實際情況選用(yong)(yong)。這是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)老式清(qing)(qing)淤(yu)(yu)方法，雖(sui)然具(ju)有(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)歷(li)史年(nian)限，但是(shi)目前也比(bi)較常用(yong)(yong)。

水沖刷清淤法

水(shui)(shui)(shui)沖刷清淤(yu)一(yi)(yi)般通過(guo)能(neng)擋水(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)備(例(li)如：氣囊)把管(guan)道(dao)中的污水(shui)(shui)(shui)阻(zu)擋在其(qi)裝置的上游(you)，為(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位達到一(yi)(yi)定高度后便(bian)放(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，使上游(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)形(xing)成水(shui)(shui)(shui)流來清除管(guan)道(dao)內的沉積(ji)物(wu)。沉積(ji)物(wu)沖走后，這(zhe)個(ge)裝置就向下游(you)移動一(yi)(yi)段位置，再進(jin)行(xing)集水(shui)(shui)(shui)清淤(yu)。這(zhe)種技術效率不高，所以，應用(yong)不廣(guang)泛。